Research Method 2: Reliability, Validity, Data Gathering Tools, Types of Instruments, Reliability of Measurement, and Errors of Measurement

Contents

1. Reliability

a. Test-retest reliability (TR)

Example

b. Parallel forms reliability

Example

c. Inter-rater reliability (IR)

 Example

d. Internal consistency reliability (ICR)

Example

2. Validity

            a. Face validity (FV)

            b. Construct Validity (CV) 

c. Criterion-related Validity 

            d. Formative Validity

            e. Sampling Validity

3. Data gathering tools

a. A description of data gathering tools

b. A description of data gathering tools used in qualitative approaches: questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, observation, and case study

c. A description of data gathering tools used in qualitative approaches: structured questionnaires, census, experiment, observational study, simulation, and tracer studies

d. Pros and of qualitative approaches to data gathering

e. Pros and of quantitative approaches to data gathering

4. Types of Instruments

a. Two key types of instruments are made use of in research: researchers’ and subject’s instruments.

b. Types of Researcher Instruments

c. Respondent-completed instruments

d. Types of researcher instruments that are grouped based on the type of response.

5. Reliability of Measurement

            a. A short introduction

b. Test- retest reliability description

c. Inter-rater reliability description

d. Internal consistency

e. Alternate forms reliability

6. Errors of Measurement

a. A comprehensive description of errors of measurement

b. A comprehensive description of random errors systematic errors

c. A comprehensive description of systematic errors

d. A comprehensive description of controlling measurement errors

Number of words: 4, 078 (13.5 pages)